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Microsoft PowerPoint empowers you to create clean slideshow presentations and intricate pitch decks and gives you a powerful presentation maker to tell your story. Get free templates Previous versions include PowerPoint , PowerPoint , PowerPoint Microsoft Rewards ; Free downloads & security; Education; Virtual workshops and training; Gift cards; Students and parents deals; Licensing; Microsoft Experience Center; PowerPoint More Less. Check out the new PowerPoint training. Beginner. Apply and change a theme. Apply transitions between slides. Buy Microsoft PowerPoint (PPT) or try PowerPoint free to create PowerPoint presentations and share slides. Get it with a Microsoft subscription. Previous versions include PowerPoint , PowerPoint , PowerPoint , .
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Microsoft PowerPoint free download. Get new version of Microsoft PowerPoint User friendly presentation software ideal for students. Microsoft Office brings you Word, Excel, and PowerPoint all in one app. Take advantage of a seamless experience with Microsoft tools on the go with the. Become a presentation pro with the help of Microsoft PowerPoint templates Microsoft offers a wide variety of PowerPoint templates for free and premium.
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Learn more. Ready to create great presentations with Microsoft ? With the add-in, you can quickly add reminder comments that spread awareness of accessibility issues and encourage the use of the Accessibility Checker. For more info, go to Use the Accessibility Reminder to notify authors of accessibility issues.
The following procedures describe how to make the slides in your PowerPoint presentations accessible. For more info, go to Video: Create accessible slides and Video: Design slides for people with dyslexia. Use one of the accessible PowerPoint templates to make sure that your slide design, colors, contrast, and fonts are accessible for all audiences. They are also designed so that screen readers can more easily read the slide content.
In the Search for Online templates and themes text field, type accessible templates and press Enter. One simple step towards inclusivity is having a unique, descriptive title on each slide, even if it isn't visible.
A person with a visual disability that uses a screen reader relies on the slide titles to know which slide is which. Use the Accessibility ribbon to make sure every slide has a title. For instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Use the Accessibility ribbon to title a slide" section. You can position a title off the slide. That way, the slide has a title for accessibility, but you save space on the slide for other content. For instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Put a title on a slide, but make the title invisible" section.
If you want all or many of your slide titles to be hidden, you can modify the slide master. For instructions, go to Title a slide and expand the "Systematically hide slide titles" section. If you've moved or edited a placeholder on a slide, you can reset the slide to its original design.
All formatting for example, fonts, colors, effects go back to what has been assigned in the template. Restoring the design might also help you find title placeholders which need a unique title. To restore all placeholders for the selected slide, on the Home tab, in the Slides group, select Reset.
Some people with visual disabilities use a screen reader to read the information on the slide. When you create slides, putting the objects in a logical reading order is crucial for screen reader users to understand the slide. Use the Accessibility Checker and the Reading Order pane to set the order in which the screen readers read the slide contents.
When the screen reader reads the slide, it reads the objects in the order they are listed in the Reading Order pane. For the step-by-step instructions how to set the reading order, go to Make slides easier to read by using the Reading Order pane. PowerPoint has built-in, predesigned slide designs that contain placeholders for text, videos, pictures, and more. They also contain all the formatting, such as theme colors, fonts, and effects. To make sure that your slides are accessible, the built-in layouts are designed so that the reading order is the same for people who use assistive technologies such as screen readers and people who see.
For more info, go to Video: Use accessible colors and styles in slides. Expand the Themes gallery and select the slide layout that you want. PowerPoint automatically applies this layout to the presentation.
In general, avoid tables if possible and present the data another way, like paragraphs with headings. Tables with fixed width might prove difficult to read for people who use Magnifier, because such tables force the content to a specific size. This makes the font very small, which forces Magnifier users to scroll horizontally, especially on mobile devices.
If you have to use tables, use the following guidelines to make sure your table is as accessible as possible:. If you have hyperlinks in your table, edit the link texts, so they make sense and don't break mid-sentence. Make sure the slide content is easily read with Magnifier. Screen readers keep track of their location in a table by counting table cells. Blank cells in a table could also mislead someone using a screen reader into thinking that there is nothing more in the table.
Use a simple table structure for data only and specify column header information. Screen readers also use header information to identify rows and columns. Visual content includes pictures, SmartArt graphics, shapes, groups, charts, embedded objects, ink, and videos. In alt text, briefly describe the image, its intent, and what is important about the image.
Tip: To write a good alt text, make sure to convey the content and the purpose of the image in a concise and unambiguous manner.
Do not repeat the surrounding textual content as alt text or use phrases referring to images, such as, "a graphic of" or "an image of. Avoid using text in images as the sole method of conveying important information.
If you use images with text in them, repeat the text in the slide. In alt text of such images, mention the existence of the text and its intent. PowerPoint for PC in Microsoft automatically generates alt texts for photos, stock images, and the PowerPoint icons by using intelligent services in the cloud. Always check the autogenerated alt texts to make sure they convey the right message.
If necessary, edit the text. For charts, SmartArt, screenshots, or shapes, you need to add the alt texts manually. For the step-by-step instructions on how to add or edit alt text, go to Add alternative text to a shape, picture, chart, SmartArt graphic, or other object and Video: Improve image accessibility in PowerPoint.
In the Alt Text pane, spelling errors are marked with a red squiggly line under the word. To correct the spelling, right-click the word and select from the suggested alternatives. In the Alt Text pane, you can also select Generate a description for me to have Microsoft cloud-powered intelligent services create a description for you. You see the result in the alt text field.
Remember to delete any comments PowerPoint added there, for example, "Description automatically generated. Note: For audio and video content, in addition to alt text, include closed captioning for people who are deaf or have limited hearing. People who use screen readers sometimes scan a list of links. Links should convey clear and accurate information about the destination.
For example, avoid using link texts such as "Click here," "See this page," Go here," or "Learn more. You can also add ScreenTips that appear when your cursor hovers over text or images that include a hyperlink. For example, this hyperlink text matches the title on the destination page: Create more with Microsoft templates.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to create hyperlinks and ScreenTips, go to Add a hyperlink to a slide. An accessible font doesn't exclude or slow down the reading speed of anyone reading a slide, including people with low vision or reading disability or people who are blind. The right font improves the legibility and readability of the text in the presentation.
For the step-by-step instructions on how to change fonts in PowerPoint go to Change the fonts in a presentation or Change the default font in PowerPoint. To reduce the reading load, select familiar sans serif fonts such as Arial or Calibri.
Avoid using all capital letters and excessive italics or underlines. A person with a vision disability might miss out on the meaning conveyed by particular colors. For headings, consider adding bold or using a larger font. The text in your presentation should be readable in a high contrast mode. For example, use bright colors or high-contrast color schemes on opposite ends of the color spectrum. White and black schemes make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes.
Use the pre-designed Office Themes to make sure that your slide design is accessible. For instructions, go to Use an accessible presentation template or Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order, colors, and more. Use the Accessibility Checker to analyze the presentation and find insufficient color contrast. It finds insufficient color contrast in text with or without highlights or hyperlinks in shapes, tables, or SmartArt with solid opaque colors.
It does not find insufficient color contrast in other cases such as text in a transparent text box or placeholder on top of the slide background, or color contrast issues in non-textual content. PowerPoint supports the playback of video with multiple audio tracks. It also supports closed captions and subtitles that are embedded in video files. Currently, only PowerPoint for Windows supports insertion and playback of closed captions or subtitles that are stored in files separate from the video.
For all other editions of PowerPoint such as PowerPoint for macOS or the mobile editions , closed captions or subtitles must be encoded into the video before they are inserted into PowerPoint. Supported video formats for captions and subtitles vary depending on the operating system that you're using. Each operating system has settings to adjust how the closed captions or subtitles are displayed. For more information, see Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint.
Closed captions, subtitles, and alternative audio tracks are not preserved when you use the Compress Media or Optimize Media Compatibility features. Also, when turning your presentation into a video , closed captions, subtitles, or alternative audio tracks in the embedded videos are not included in the video that is saved.
When you use the Save Media as command on a selected video, closed captions, subtitles, and multiple audio tracks embedded in the video are preserved in the video file that is saved.
Videos include an audio track with video descriptions, if needed, for users who are blind or have low vision. Videos that include dialogue also include closed captions, in-band closed captions, open captions, or subtitles in a supported format for users that are deaf or hard-of-hearing. For more information, refer to Add closed captions or subtitles to media in PowerPoint.
You can save your presentation in a format that can be easily read by a screen reader or be ported to a Braille reader. Before converting a presentation into another format, make sure you run the Accessibility Checker and fix all reported issues.
When your presentation is ready and you've run the Accessibility Checker to make sure it is inclusive, you can try navigating the slides using a screen reader, for example, Narrator. Narrator comes with Windows, so there's no need to install anything. This is one additional way to spot issues in the navigation order, for example. Press the Tab key to navigate the elements within the slide and fix the navigation order if needed. To move the focus away from the slide content, press Esc or F6.
Rules for the Accessibility Checker. Everything you need to know to write effective alt text. Use the Accessibility Reminder to notify authors of accessibility issues. Make your Word documents accessible to people with disabilities. Make your Excel documents accessible to people with disabilities. Make your Outlook email accessible to people with disabilities. Closed Caption file types supported by PowerPoint. If you must use an image with text in it, repeat that text in the presentation.
In the alternative text, briefly describe the image and mention the existence of the text and its intent. Add alt text to visuals in Microsoft Add alt text to visuals in Office When someone who can see reads a slide, they usually read things, such as text or a picture, in the order the elements appear on the slide.
In contrast, a screen reader reads the elements of a slide in the order they were added to the slide, which might be very different from the order in which things appear. To make sure everyone reads the contents in the order you intend, it's important to check the reading order. PowerPoint contains built-in slide layouts that you can apply to any slide.
When you use them with a new slide, these layouts automatically make sure that the reading order works for everyone. Use built-in slide designs for inclusive reading order.
To determine whether hyperlink text makes sense as standalone information and whether it gives readers accurate information about the destination target, visually scan the slides in your presentation. For example, instead of linking to the text Click here , include the full title of the destination page.
You can even use the URL of the page if it's short and descriptive, for example, www. Add hyperlink text and ScreenTips. Visually scan the slides in your presentation. Use an accessible slide design. Use strong contrast between text and background, so people with low vision can see and use the content. Use dark text on a white or off-white background, or reverse it and use white text on a dark background.
White and black schemes also make it easier for people who are colorblind to distinguish text and shapes. Use unique slide titles. They often see text merge or distort. For people who have dyslexia or have low vision, reduce the reading load. For example, they might benefit from familiar sans serif fonts, such as Arial or Calibri. Include ample white space between sentences and paragraphs.
PowerPoint 3. This was at first an alternative to overhead transparencies and 35 mm slides, but over time would come to replace them. PowerPoint had been included in Microsoft Office from the beginning.
PowerPoint 2. A plan to integrate the applications themselves more tightly had been indicated as early as February , toward the end of PowerPoint 3. Another important question is what portion of our applications sales over time will be a set of applications versus a single product. Please assume that we stay ahead in integrating our family together in evaluating our future strategies—the product teams WILL deliver on this. The move from bundling separate products to integrated development began with PowerPoint 4.
When it was released, the computer press reported on the change approvingly: "PowerPoint 4. The integration is so good, you'll have to look twice to make sure you're running PowerPoint and not Word or Excel.
Although PowerPoint by this point had become part of the integrated Microsoft Office product, its development remained in Silicon Valley. Succeeding versions of PowerPoint introduced important changes, particularly version Since then major development of PowerPoint as part of Office has continued.
New development techniques shared across Office for PowerPoint have made it possible to ship versions of PowerPoint for Windows, Mac, iOS, Android, and web access nearly simultaneously, [ citation needed ] and to release new features on an almost monthly schedule. In , Jeff Raikes, who had most recently been President of the Business Division of Microsoft including responsibility for Office , [63] observed: "of course, today we know that PowerPoint is oftentimes the number two—or in some cases even the number one—most-used tool" among the applications in Office.
PowerPoint's initial sales were about 40, copies sold in nine months , about 85, copies in , and about , copies in , all for Macintosh. Jeff Raikes, who had bought PowerPoint for Microsoft, later recalled: "By , it looked like it wasn't a very smart idea [for Microsoft to have acquired PowerPoint], because not very many people were using PowerPoint.
This began to change when the first version for Windows, PowerPoint 2. Sales of PowerPoint 3. By PowerPoint sales had doubled again, to more than 4 million copies annually, representing 85 percent of the world market. Since the late s, PowerPoint's market share of total world presentation software has been estimated at 95 percent by both industry and academic sources. The earliest version of PowerPoint for Macintosh could be used to print black and white pages to be photocopied onto sheets of transparent film for projection from overhead projectors , and to print speaker's notes and audience handouts; the next version for Macintosh, for Windows was extended to also produce color 35mm slides by communicating a file over a modem to a Genigraphics imaging center with slides returned by overnight delivery for projection from slide projectors.
PowerPoint was used for planning and preparing a presentation, but not for delivering it apart from previewing it on a computer screen, or distributing printed paper copies.
Robert Gaskins, one of the creators of PowerPoint, says he publicly demonstrated that use for the first time at a large Microsoft meeting held in Paris on February 25, , by using an unreleased development build of PowerPoint 3.
By about , ten years later, digital projection had become the dominant mode of use, replacing transparencies and 35mm slides and their projectors. Although the PowerPoint software had been used to generate transparencies for over a decade, this usage was not typically encompassed by a common understanding of the term.
In contemporary operation, PowerPoint is used to create a file called a "presentation" or "deck" containing a sequence of pages called "slides" in the app which usually have a consistent style from template masters , and which may contain information imported from other apps or created in PowerPoint, including text, bullet lists, tables, charts, drawn shapes, images, audio clips, video clips, animations of elements, and animated transitions between slides, plus attached notes for each slide.
After such a file is created, typical operation is to present it as a slide show using a portable computer, where the presentation file is stored on the computer or available from a network, and the computer's screen shows a "presenter view" with current slide, next slide, speaker's notes for the current slide, and other information.
A smartphone remote control built in to PowerPoint for iOS optionally controlled from Apple Watch [82] and for Android [83] allows the presenter to control the show from elsewhere in the room. In addition to a computer slide show projected to a live audience by a speaker, PowerPoint can be used to deliver a presentation in a number of other ways:.
The standard form of such presentations involves a single person standing before a group of people, talking and using the PowerPoint slideshow to project visual aids onto a screen. In practice, however, presentations are not always delivered in this mode. In our studies, we often found that the presenter sat at a table with a small group of people and walked them through a "deck", composed of paper copies of the slides. In some cases, decks were simply distributed to individuals, without even a walk-through or discussion.
Other variations in the form included sending the PowerPoint file electronically to another site and talking through the slides over an audio or video channel e. Another common variation was placing a PowerPoint file on a web site for people to view at different times. They found that some of these ways of using PowerPoint could influence the content of presentations, for example when "the slides themselves have to carry more of the substance of the presentation, and thus need considerably more content than they would have if they were intended for projection by a speaker who would orally provide additional details and nuance about content and context.
PowerPoint Mobile is included with Windows Mobile 5. It is a presentation program capable of reading and editing Microsoft PowerPoint presentations, although authoring abilities are limited to adding notes, editing text, and rearranging slides. It can't create new presentations. In this version of PowerPoint users can create and edit new presentations, present, and share their PowerPoint documents.
PowerPoint for the web is a free lightweight version of Microsoft PowerPoint available as part of Office on the web, which also includes web versions of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word.
PowerPoint for the web does not support inserting or editing charts, equations, or audio or video stored on your PC, but they are all displayed in the presentation if they were added in using a desktop app. Some elements, like WordArt effects or more advanced animations and transitions, are not displayed at all, although they are preserved in the document. PowerPoint for the web also lacks the Outline, Master, Slide Sorter, and Presenter views present in the desktop app, as well as having limited printing options.
PowerPoint was originally targeted just for business presentations. Robert Gaskins, who was responsible for its design, has written about his intended customers: " I did not target other existing large groups of users of presentations, such as school teachers or military officers. I also did not plan to target people who were not existing users of presentations Our focus was purely on business users, in small and large companies, from one person to the largest multinationals.
PowerPoint use in business grew over its first five years to sales of about 1 million copies annually, for worldwide market share of 63 percent. Not everyone immediately approved of the greater use of PowerPoint for presentations, even in business. At the same time that PowerPoint was becoming dominant in business settings, it was also being adopted for uses beyond business: "Personal computing The result has been the rise of presentation culture. In an information society, nearly everyone presents.
In , at about the same time that Gold was pronouncing PowerPoint's ubiquity in business, the influential Bell Labs engineer Robert W. Lucky could already write about broader uses: [].
A new language is in the air, and it is codified in PowerPoint. In a family discussion about what to do on a given evening, for example, I feel like pulling out my laptop and giving a Vugraph presentation In church, I am surprised that the preachers haven't caught on yet.
How have we gotten on so long without PowerPoint? Over a decade or so, beginning in the mid s, PowerPoint began to be used in many communication situations, well beyond its original business presentation uses, to include teaching in schools [] and in universities, [] lecturing in scientific meetings [] and preparing their related poster sessions [] , worshipping in churches, [] making legal arguments in courtrooms, [] displaying supertitles in theaters, [] driving helmet-mounted displays in spacesuits for NASA astronauts, [] giving military briefings, [] issuing governmental reports, [] undertaking diplomatic negotiations, [] [] writing novels, [] giving architectural demonstrations, [] prototyping website designs, [] creating animated video games, [] creating art projects, [] and even as a substitute for writing engineering technical reports, [] and as an organizing tool for writing general business documents.
By , it seemed that PowerPoint was being used everywhere. Julia Keller reported for the Chicago Tribune : []. In less than a decade, it has revolutionized the worlds of business, education, science, and communications, swiftly becoming the standard for just about anybody who wants to explain just about anything to just about anybody else.
From corporate middle managers reporting on production goals to 4th-graders fashioning a show-and-tell on the French and Indian War to church pastors explicating the seven deadly sins PowerPoint seems poised for world domination. As uses broadened, cultural awareness of PowerPoint grew and commentary about it began to appear. Out of all the analyses of PowerPoint over a quarter of a century, at least three general themes emerged as categories of reaction to its broader use: 1 "Use it less": avoid PowerPoint in favor of alternatives, such as using more-complex graphics and written prose, or using nothing; [17] 2 "Use it differently": make a major change to a PowerPoint style that is simpler and pictorial, turning the presentation toward a performance, more like a Steve Jobs keynote; [18] and 3 "Use it better": retain much of the conventional PowerPoint style but learn to avoid making many kinds of mistakes that can interfere with communication.
An early reaction was that the broader use of PowerPoint was a mistake, and should be reversed. An influential example of this came from Edward Tufte , an authority on information design, who has been a professor of political science, statistics, and computer science at Princeton and Yale, but is best known for his self-published books on data visualization, which have sold nearly 2 million copies as of In , he published a widely-read booklet titled The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint, revised in PowerPoint's convenience for some presenters is costly to the content and the audience.
These costs arise from the cognitive style characteristics of the standard default PP presentation: foreshortening of evidence and thought, low spatial resolution, an intensely hierarchical single-path structure as the model for organizing every type of content, breaking up narratives and data into slides and minimal fragments, rapid temporal sequencing of thin information rather than focused spatial analysis, conspicuous chartjunk and PP Phluff, branding of slides with logotypes, a preoccupation with format not content, incompetent designs for data graphics and tables, and a smirky commercialism that turns information into a sales pitch and presenters into marketeers [italics in original].
Tufte particularly advised against using PowerPoint for reporting scientific analyses, using as a dramatic example some slides made during the flight of the space shuttle Columbia after it had been damaged by an accident at liftoff, slides which poorly communicated the engineers' limited understanding of what had happened. Many commentators enthusiastically joined in Tufte's vivid criticism of PowerPoint uses, [] and at a conference held in a decade after Tufte's booklet appeared one paper claimed that "Despite all the criticism about his work, Tufte can be considered as the single most influential author in the discourse on PowerPoint.
While his approach was not rigorous from a research perspective, his articles received wide resonance with the public at large It's like denouncing lectures—before there were awful PowerPoint presentations, there were awful scripted lectures, unscripted lectures, slide shows, chalk talks, and so on.
Much of the early commentary, on all sides, was "informal" and "anecdotal", because empirical research had been limited.
A second reaction to PowerPoint use was to say that PowerPoint can be used well, but only by substantially changing its style of use. This reaction is exemplified by Richard E. Mayer , a professor of psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who has studied cognition and learning, particularly the design of educational multimedia, and who has published more than publications, including over 30 books. Instead, we have to change our PowerPoint habits to align with the way people learn.
Tufte had argued his judgment that the information density of text on PowerPoint slides was too low, perhaps only 40 words on a slide, leading to over-simplified messages; [] Mayer responded that his empirical research showed exactly the opposite, that the amount of text on PowerPoint slides was usually too high, and that even fewer than 40 words on a slide resulted in "PowerPoint overload" that impeded understanding during presentations. Mayer suggested a few major changes from traditional PowerPoint formats: [18].
Mayer's ideas are claimed by Carmine Gallo to have been reflected in Steve Jobs's presentations: "Mayer outlined fundamental principles of multimedia design based on what scientists know about cognitive functioning. Steve Jobs's slides adhere to each of Mayer's principles Although most presentation designers who are familiar with both formats prefer to work in the more elegant Keynote system, those same designers will tell you that the majority of their client work is done in PowerPoint.
Consistent with its association with Steve Jobs's keynotes, a response to this style has been that it is particularly effective for "ballroom-style presentations" as often given in conference center ballrooms where a celebrated and practiced speaker addresses a large passive audience, but less appropriate for "conference room-style presentations" which are often recurring internal business meetings for in-depth discussion with motivated counterparts.
A third reaction to PowerPoint use was to conclude that the standard style is capable of being used well, but that many small points need to be executed carefully, to avoid impeding understanding. This kind of analysis is particularly associated with Stephen Kosslyn , a cognitive neuroscientist who specializes in the psychology of learning and visual communication, and who has been head of the department of psychology at Harvard, has been Director of Stanford's Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and has published some papers and 14 books.
Kosslyn presented a set of psychological principles of "human perception, memory, and comprehension" that "appears to capture the major points of agreement among researchers. For this reason, Kosslyn says, users need specific education to be able to identify best ways to avoid "flaws and failures": []. Specifically, we hypothesized and found that the psychological principles are often violated in PowerPoint slideshows across different fields These studies converge in painting the following picture: PowerPoint presentations are commonly flawed; some types of flaws are more common than others; flaws are not isolated to one domain or context; and, although some types of flaws annoy the audience, flaws at the level of slide design are not always obvious to an untrained observer The many "flaws and failures" identified were those "likely to disrupt the comprehension or memory of the material.
Kosslyn observes that these findings could help to explain why the many studies of the instructional effectiveness of PowerPoint have been inconclusive and conflicting, if there were differences in the quality of the presentations tested in different studies that went unobserved because "many may feel that 'good design' is intuitively clear.
In Kosslyn wrote a book about PowerPoint, in which he suggested a very large number of fairly modest changes to PowerPoint styles and gave advice on recommended ways of using PowerPoint. In fact, this medium is a remarkably versatile tool that can be extraordinarily effective.
For many purposes, PowerPoint presentations are a superior medium of communication, which is why they have become standard in so many fields. In , an online poll of social media users in the UK was reported to show that PowerPoint "remains as popular with young tech-savvy users as it is with the Baby Boomers," with about four out of five saying that "PowerPoint was a great tool for making presentations," in part because "PowerPoint, with its capacity to be highly visual, bridges the wordy world of yesterday with the visual future of tomorrow.
Also in , the Managerial Communication Group of MIT Sloan School of Management polled their incoming MBA students, finding that "results underscore just how differently this generation communicates as compared with older workers. Two-thirds report that they present on a daily or weekly basis—so it's no surprise that in-person presentations is the top skill they hope to improve. The trend is toward presentations and slides, and we don't see any sign of that slowing down.
Use of PowerPoint by the U. By , ten years after PowerPoint for Windows appeared, it was already identified as an important feature of U. Old-fashioned slide briefings, designed to update generals on troop movements, have been a staple of the military since World War II. But in only a few short years PowerPoint has altered the landscape. Just as word processing made it easier to produce long, meandering memos, the spread of PowerPoint has unleashed a blizzard of jazzy but often incoherent visuals.
Instead of drawing up a dozen slides on a legal pad and running them over to the graphics department, captains and colonels now can create hundreds of slides in a few hours without ever leaving their desks. If the spirit moves them they can build in gunfire sound effects and images that explode like land mines. PowerPoint has become such an ingrained part of the defense culture that it has seeped into the military lexicon.
After another 10 years, in and again on its front page the New York Times reported that PowerPoint use in the military was then "a military tool that has spun out of control": []. Like an insurgency, PowerPoint has crept into the daily lives of military commanders and reached the level of near obsession. The amount of time expended on PowerPoint, the Microsoft presentation program of computer-generated charts, graphs and bullet points, has made it a running joke in the Pentagon and in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Commanders say that behind all the PowerPoint jokes are serious concerns that the program stifles discussion, critical thinking and thoughtful decision-making. Not least, it ties up junior officers The New York Times account went on to say that as a result some U.
James N. He spoke without PowerPoint. McMaster , who banned PowerPoint presentations when he led the successful effort to secure the northern Iraqi city of Tal Afar in , followed up at the same conference by likening PowerPoint to an internal threat.
Several incidents, about the same time, gave wide currency to discussions by serving military officers describing excessive PowerPoint use and the organizational culture that encouraged it.
Kosslyn sent a joint letter to the editor stressing the institutional culture of the military: " The problem is not in the tool itself, but in the way that people use it—which is partly a result of how institutions promote misuse. The two generals who had been mentioned in as opposing the institutional culture of excessive PowerPoint use were both in the news again in , when James N. Mattis became U.
Secretary of Defense, [] and H. McMaster was appointed as U. National Security Advisor. It started off as a joke this software is a symbol of corporate salesmanship, or lack thereof but then the work took on a life of its own as I realized I could create pieces that were moving, despite the limitations of the 'medium.
In Byrne toured with a theater piece styled as a PowerPoint presentation. When he presented it in Berkeley, on March 8, , the University of California news service reported: "Byrne also defended its [PowerPoint's] appeal as more than just a business tool—as a medium for art and theater.
Berkeley alumnus Bob Gaskins and Dennis Austin Eventually, Byrne said, PowerPoint could be the foundation for 'presentational theater,' with roots in Brechtian drama and Asian puppet theater. I was terrified. The expressions "PowerPoint Art" or " pptArt " are used to define a contemporary Italian artistic movement which believes that the corporate world can be a unique and exceptional source of inspiration for the artist. The wide use of PowerPoint had, by , given rise to " PowerPoint Viewer is the name for a series of small free application programs to be used on computers without PowerPoint installed, to view, project, or print but not create or edit presentations.
The first version was introduced with PowerPoint 3. Beginning with PowerPoint , a feature called "Package for CD" automatically managed all linked video and audio files plus needed fonts when exporting a presentation to a disk or flash drive or network location, [] and also included a copy of a revised PowerPoint Viewer application so that the result could be presented on other PCs without installing anything.
The latest version that runs on Windows "was created in conjunction with PowerPoint , but it can also be used to view newer presentations created in PowerPoint and PowerPoint All transitions, videos and effects appear and behave the same when viewed using PowerPoint Viewer as they do when viewed in PowerPoint As of May [update] , the last versions of PowerPoint Viewer for all platforms have been retired by Microsoft; they are no longer available for download and no longer receive security updates.
PowerPoint Online. Early versions of PowerPoint, from through versions 1. A stable binary format called a. It was based on the Compound File Binary Format. The ". Binary filename extensions []. Binary media types []. XML filename extensions []. XML media types []. The standardization process was contentious. PowerPoint version The reason for the two variants was explained by Microsoft: []. The first objective was for the Open XML standard to provide an XML-based file format that could fully support conversion of the billions of existing Office documents without any loss of features, content, text, layout, or other information, including embedded data.
The second was to specify a file format that did not rely on Microsoft-specific data types. They created two variants of Open XML—Transitional, which supports previously-defined Microsoft-specific data types, and Strict, which does not rely on them. The PowerPoint. Library of Congress. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Presentation application, part of Microsoft Office. For other uses, see Power point disambiguation.
A photo presentation being created and edited in PowerPoint, running on Windows Office Beta Channel List of languages. PowerPoint for Mac version See also: History of Microsoft Office. See also: Richard E. Mayer and Steve Jobs Keynotes. See also: Stephen Kosslyn. The Verge. Retrieved October 5, Archived from the original on August 28, Retrieved August 28, Microsoft Docs.
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Interviewed by Geetesh Bajaj. Archived from the original on April 4, We completed PowerPoint so as to ship it on schedule on April Channel9 videos, Microsoft Developer Network. Jeff Raikes talks
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